Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 482

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 495

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 508

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 521

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 532

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 424

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 438

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 452

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Hook::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/taalsentrum/public_html/english/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 469
Iindaba zakutsha-nje – Page 5 – Stellenbosch University Language Centre
Stellenbosch University Language Centre

Category: Iindaba zakutsha-nje

UBlack Panther uqiqiza eciciza okoko

Kukho iindaba ezimbi nezimnandi. Ezimbi zezokuba awungekhe uye eWakanda uyokuchitha ikhefu. Ezimnandi zona zezokuba ungalufunda ulwimi lwaseWakanda ngoncedo lweZiko leeLwimi.

Ukuba awuzithandi iimuvi ezingamakroti, kungayimfuneko ukuba ucaciselwe. IWakanda lilizwe lasentsomini lekroti elinemiMangaliso uBlack Panther, ongumlinganiswa ophambili kwimuvi esandula ukukhutshwa ekwanelo gama. Siyabulela ngentlaninge yezandi zentsimbi zasentsomini, iWakanda inobona buchwepheshe buphambili ehlabathini.

Loluphi na ulwimi abaluthetha kweli lizwe lineenqwelomoya zasemajukujukwini nezitshitshilizayo?

SisiXhosa.

Nangona abantu baseWakanda bethetha isiNgesi xa befuna (ukucaphula intetho yomlinganiswa uOkoye), ukusetyenziswa kwesiXhosa kuthungelana neziqendu ngendlela apha ababukeli beshiyeka bengenamathandabuzo ukuba lulwimi abantu baseWakanda abalusebenzisayo – xa beceba amaqhinga okanye bethetha nababathandayo.

Ukusebenzisa ulwimi olukhoyo yinto engaqhelekanga kwiimuvi zenzululwazi zasentsomini nezimangalisayo kumboniso-bhanyabhanya, nalapho kusoloko kusetyenziswa ulwimi oluqanjiweyo (cinga ngeKlingon kwiimuvi ze-Star Trek, isiNa’vi ku-Avatar nesiDothraki kudederhu lwemiboniso yeemuvi i-Game of Thrones).

Ukusetyenziswa kwesiXhosa kwihlabathi lemiMangaliso kungenxa kaJohn Kani, odlala uKumkani uT’Chaka ku-Captain America: Civil War noBlack Panther, esebenzisa ubuncikane besiphiwo sokwenza imimangaliso. Le ngqanga kubalinganisi boMzantsi Afrika yaxoxa ngokuncamisayo – njengokuba amarhe esitsho – ukuba umlinganiswa wakhe akasayi kuthetha isiNgesi nonyana wakhe wasemuvini, uT’Challa (odlalwa nguChadwick Boseman). UKani uqambe izivakalisi zesiXhosa kwaye uBoseman, nokhe wasebenza eMzantsi Afrika kwixa elidlulileyo esebenza neqela elenza iifilimu loMzantsi Afrika, ubesazi ngokwaneleyo eso siXhosa ukuba akwazi ukuphendula. Isiqendu eso sivela sisihle kakhulu. Ke kungako oko ulwimi lwabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-8 boMzantsi Afrika luye lwalulwimi lwaseWakanda.   

Phambili ngesiXhosa, phambili!

Black Panther clicks away
Marvel superhero, Black Panther

Kutheni kumele usebenzise umguquli oqeqeshiweyo nje?

Unombhalo ophucukileyo, ogqibeleleyo ongabelana ngawo nabafundi bakho … kwaye kufuneka ubekho ngeelwimi ezininzi. Ungacela ugxa wakho olwimi-mbini ukuba awuguqule (yibamb’ apho), okanye ungacela umguquli oqeqeshiweyo ukuba akwenzele lo msebenzi.

Kutheni kumele ukhethe umguquli oqeqeshiweyo?

  • Umguquli oqeqeshiweyo ngumntu oqeqeshwe kubugcisa bokudlulisela intsingiselo yomyalezo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyakwazi ukujongana nemiba yesimbo, ubhalo, isigama kunye nokuntsonkotha kwentsingiselo kumbhalo lowo. Uqeqesho namava akhe amfundise ukuba enze izigqibo eziqiqileyo zoguqulo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbhalo oguquliweyo udlulisa umyalezo ofanayo nalowo ukumbhalo-ngqangi wakho.
  • Umguquli oqeqeshiweyo ukwa yincutshe kasozilwimi, ke ngoko, uya kulindela uguqulelo olungenaziphene, kunye nombhalo ongafundeki ngokungathi uguquliwe. Ukongeza koko, umguquli oqeqeshiweyo uya kuzama ngandlela zonke ukuba angashiyi okanye ongeze nantoni na ngelixa aguqulayo.
  • Abaguquli abaqeqeshiweyo badla ngokuba ngamalungu ombutho wabaqeqeshiweyo, njenge-SATI (i-South African Translators’ Institute). Ubulungu obuhlaziyiweyo bubenza basoloko beqhagamshelana nabanye abaguquli abaqeqeshiweyo, bubanika amathuba okufunda iindlela zokuguqula ezingcono kule ndima kwaye bubenza bafikelele kuthungelwano lolwazi olumalunga nesigama, imigaqo nemithombo yolwimi. Ubulungu buthetha ukuba bazibophelela kwimigaqo yokuziphatha yabaqeqeshiweyo emele imigangatho esesikweni yokwenza umsebenzi ngokukhethekileyo nangekhwaliti.
  • Umguquli oqeqeshiweyo uyakukwenza ubonakale njengolungileyo eluntwini. Ukongeza kudluliso lomyalezo, umbhalo oguqulwe kakuhle uxelela abafundi bakho ukuba uyabahlonipha kwaye wena unobuchule bokubhala kwaye uthembekile.

Ke ngoko iya kuba ngowuphi? Ugxa wakho olwimi-mbini oya kulahlekwa ngumxholo xa eguqula ze alahlekise abafundi bakho, okanye umguquli oqeqeshekileyo noyingcaphephe oya kukudlulisela umyalezo wakho ovakalayo ngendlela ofuna ngayo?

Likhulu leminyaka ubudala!

Uhlelo lwe-11, oluhlaziyiweyo nolubanzi lweAfrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreëls (efinyezwa njenge-AWS), sisihloko esithetha ‘uluhlu lwamagama nemigaqo yopelo lwesiAfrikaans’, luthe lwapapashwa ekuqaleni kukaAgasti kulo nyaka.

I-AWS lupapasho oluncamisileyo ngenxa yokuba lusebenza njengenkwenkwezi ekhokelelayo kuluntu oluthetha isiAfrikaans ngokumalunga nobhalo nopelo lwesiAfrikaans. Esinye isizathu sokubalasela kukuba uhlelo lokuqala lwapapashwa ngowe-1917 – eyinkulungwane ngqo ngoku – “eqinisekisa ukuba olu lwimi luyazimela ngokwalo” (ngokungqinelana nombhalo okuhlelo lokuqala, oqukwe apha ovela kuhlobo lokuqala lweAfrikaans). Ukusukela ngoko,  iTaalkommissie of the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns (eyiKomishoni yoLwimi lweMfundo ePhakamileyo eMzantsi Afrika kwiNzululwazi nobuGcisa) yathi yenza inzame zokuncedisa ekumiseleni isiAfrikaans njengolwimi olubhaliweyo ngokuthi yenze kubekho imigaqo eqinisekisa upelo nobhalo olufanayo. Amalungu alithoba eTaalkommissie yangoku, aquka iingcaphephe eziseyunivesithi kunye namagcisa olwimi nabathe achitha iiyure ezingaphaya kwama-700 kwiintlanganiso zentsebenziswano apho bekuhlaziywa iAWS ukusukela ngowama-2009 (ongumhla wopapasho lwehlelo le-10) – bengahlawulwa nangaluphi na uhlobo.

Kubalulekile kwi-AWS ukubonakalisa ukukhula kwesigama nesaci sesiAfrikaans, kwakunye nesidingo soluntu olubhala ngesiAfrikaans. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, olu papasho luqulathe uluhlu lwamagama elijolise kumagama amatsha kunye namagama ekuthi xa esetyenziswa kubhalo abengumcelimngeni othile. Olu luhlu lwangoku lungamagama angama-30 000 ubuninzi kwaye aquka uludwe olubalaseleyo lwesigama esitsha esivela kwiziyelelane zesiAfrikaans ezinjengeAfrikaans yaseKapa naleyo yoMlambo iGqili – phakathi kwamanye amagama akho, u‘antie’, u‘dhaltjie’, i‘gangster’ no‘poenankies’ (othetha ukuba ‘ubuhle’). Amanye amagama ongeziweyo amatsha abonakalisa ukuphuhla kwezentlalo netekhnoloji njengo-‘googleloer’ othetha uku‘guglisha’ njengesenzi, u‘hommeltuig’ othetha i‘drowuni’, u‘meem’ othetha uku‘linganisa’, u‘antispioenware’ othetha i‘antispayiwe’, u‘warsender’ othetha ‘isixhobo sophazamiso’, u‘skermgreep’ othetha i‘isibambi-skrini’ kunye no‘hidrobreking’ othetha ‘uqhekezo-matye lwegesi okanye ioyile’. Amagama u‘Selfi’ no‘ivenyu’ ayazixela wona ngokunokwawo. Nkqu no‘flop’ ungenile!

Iityesi zeencwadi ziyolisa abantwana

Kupapasho lokugqibela leDialogos, sachaza indlela iqebengwana elinebhurevosi esinganegalelo ngayo kwiphulo losetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi. Ngoku sichaza umgama osele uhanjwe yiloo projekthi.

Ngomhla wama-20 kuEpreli, iVriende van Afrikaans, iZiko leeLwimi nendawo yokuhlala abafundi iAcademia bakuvuyela ukusa iityesi ezimbini zeencwadi eAkkerdoppies naseSpeelkring, izikolo ezimbini zabaqalayo zaseStellenbosch.

Ezo tyesi zixabisa i-R15 000 zizonke, zabakho ngenxa yeminikelo nemali eyayiphuma kwiprojekthi “Fill up with a boerewors roll and fill a book chest”, projekthi leyo yasungulwa ngomhla we-10 kuMatshi walo nyaka. Ngaloo projekthi, iVriende van Afrikaans, iZiko leeLwimi, umzi iAcademia nombutho iMatie Community Service babambisana ngenjongo yokuqokelela imali yokuthenga iityesi zeencwadi, bezithengela izikolo. Loo projekthi ikwayinxalenye yephulo leelwimi ezininzi lika-2017, phulo elo liqhutywa liZiko leeLwimi.

Yathi yakuvulwa ityesi eyayineencwadi ezingama-90, iimbuso zabantwana kwezo zikolo zimbini zabaqalayo zabonakala zikhazimla. UChareldine van der Merwe we-Vriende van Afrikaans wachazela abantwana indlela eyiyo yokuphatha iincwadi , waza emva koko wabafundela ibali. Kuzo zombini ezo zikolo abantwana babulela ngomyoli wona umculo weengoma ezimbini; becula bengathunywanga. I-Academia iza kwenza amalungiselelo okuba kuqaliswe iinkqubo zokufunda iincwadi kwezo zikolo kwakulo nyaka kwaye ikwaceba ukuzisa, phaya ekupheleni konyaka, iipakethana eziqulethe iintwanantwana ngenjongo yokwenza ukuba abantwana baxhamle umoya weKresmesi.

“Kuliwonga elingenambaliso ukufumana ithuba lokunika abantwana iincwadi. Siyathemba ukuba ubugqi obuqulethwe ziincwadi buyakwenza ukuba umntwana ngamnye athi nca ngazo”, uvakele esitsho uVernita Beukes, umququzeleli wale projekthi. Wona amazwi kaGqr Seuss ngenene avakala eyinyaniso nawo xa wayesithi: “Ungabufumana ubugqi naphina na apho ubufuna khona. Hlala nje phantsi uzole, kaloku uncedo lwakho lusencwadini!”

USuku lweNkcubeko: Ukubhiyozela unxibelelwano

Ngomhla we-18 kuMeyi, abafundi abaphuma kwamanye amazwe ebezithabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yeZiko leeLwimi, i-Intensive English Programme (IEP), babhiyozela uSuku lweNkcubeko ngendlela eyodwa nethabathisekisayo phaya kwiziko iKhaya (Kruiskerk).

IZizwe eziManyeneyo zabhengeza umhla wama-21 kuMeyi, suku olo lubhiyozelwa yonke iminyaka, njengoSuku lweHlabathi loQukaniso lweeNkcubeko ngenjongo yoThethwano noPhuhliso. Olu lusuku olujolise ekuboneleleni ngethuba lokomeleza ukuqonda kwethu ixabiso lale nto kuthiwa kukuqukaniswa kweenkcubeko ezahlukahlukeneyo kananjalo nokufunda indlela yokuphilisana ngemvisiswano. Abafundi beIEP balamkela eli thuba njengethuba lokuvakalisa injongo yolo suku apho eYunivesithi, apho abafundi abaphuma kumazwe asibhozo bathi baphicotha khona iingcingane ngokubanzi ngezo zinto bakholelwayo kuzo, abazixabisileyo neziyinkcubeko yabo. Kwakukho intlaninge yamagunjana emiboniso engenkcubeko yeentlanga ngeentlanga, miboniso leyo yayiqaqambisa amasiko, izithethe nokutya kwazo. Ngaphezu koko, iqela ngalinye labonakalisa indlela elizayamanisa ngayo nenkcubeko yalo.

Kulo nyaka, lo mbhiyozo uzinyaswe nangabafundi bebanga le-10 besikolo semfundo ephakamileyo; isikolo samantombazana, iRhenish. La mantombazana abonakalisa inzondelelo engaphaya kokuqonda kambe ayekhangeleka eyivuyele nale yokunxibelelana nabafundi beIEP. Sifumene iqela leengxelo eziwuncomayo loo mbhiyozo ̶ nazi ezinye izimvo esizifumeneyo:

“USuku lweNkcubeko lunendlela apha emangalisayo yokufunda ngamanye amazwe; ukufunda ngenkcubeko, izithethe nokutya ukutya kwaloo mazwe (eyona nto sayithanda kakhulu ke yileyo!). Olo suku lasivula amehlo kwaye sabanethamsanqa lokuzimasa umcimbi omhle kangakanana”, watsho Caleigh Plaatjes.

UMicalea Budge uthe “Abafundi beBanga leShumi bakonwabela kakhulu ukungcamla ukutya kwamazwe ngamazwe, kutya oko kufana nejeli yohlobo lwaseMzantsi Khoriya, iinudili zaseTshayina netshizi yaseSwislani … Saba nexesha elimnandi, sibalasela kwimidlalwana yooqashi-qhashi, imidaniso nemixhentso kanti nolwazi-gabalala.”

Umcimbi woSuku leNkcubeko yethu wawusisiphumo seeyure ezininzi ezasetyenzwa ngabafundi nootitshala abacebisayo, nto leyo yaba yimpumelelo ngenxa yocwangciso olwalwenziwe ngobuchule nangenxa yeenkqubo zokuziqhelisa ndawonye nokusebenzisana kwabantu abankcubeko zingafaniyo. Iziphumo zoko ke ngoko yaba zezingenambaliso; kwakukho neembasa ezinikwa amaqela amathathu aphume phambili, mbasa ezo zazisekelwe kwiindlela zokukhetha ezizodwa. Imiboniso yokwazisa yona yanika abafundi ithuba elihle lokwazisa abo babezimase lo mcimbi ngendlela abayibona ngayo le nto iyinkcubeko, ewe, ngenene babesazisa bona buqu, kwaye ngokwenza njalo babuphucula nangakumbi ubuchule babo bokusebenzisa isiNgesi.

Iityesi zeencwadi ezifumaneke ngokuthengisa amaqebengwana anebhurevosi

KwiYunivesiti yaseStellenbosch, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kubaluleke kakhulu.

I-Vriende van Afrikaans, iZiko leeLwimi kunye nendawo yokuhlala abafundi i-Academia siye sahlanganyela ukusungula le projekthi ngelithi “Zihluthise ngeqebegwana elinebhurevosi, ugcwalise ibhokisi yeencwadi”, kwiprojekthi leyo siye sathengisa amatikiti amaqebengwana ane-boerewors ukususela phaya ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari. Le projekthi ibijolise ekuqokeleleni imali yokunikela ngeetyesi zeencwadi ezixabisa ama-R7 500 inye kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi. Iityesi ezo zineencwadi zokufunda ezilula zesiAfrikaansi, isiNgesi nesiXhosa, kwaye zingasetyenziswa nanjengamathala eencwadi ahambayo kwizikolo ezingenamathala eencwadi.

NgoLwesihlanu we-10 kuMatshi – usuku lwamaqebengwana anebhurevosi – abaphuma kwindawo yohlala i-Academia bakhawuleza ukubasa. Yavakala ihlihliza ivosi emlilweni ngelixa wona loo maqebengwana ethanjiswa ibhotolo ngokukhawuleza. Lona itswele eligcadiweyo eladityaniselwa apho ngomnye woogxa bethu kwiZiko leeLwmi laliginyisa ingwiqi. Abaninimatikiti babeqokelela amaqebengwna abo ane-boerewors benze umngcelele phaya enamba-7 kwisiTalato iBosman phakathi kwe-13:00 neye-14:00.

Bonke ababethabatha inxaxheba bayonwabela ngokungenambaliso le projekthi. NgoLwesihlanu emva kwemini, abafundi nabasebenzi, bediniwe kambe bevuyile, bagoduka besazi ukuba bancede izikolo ekufumaneni ityesi yeencwadi – tyesi leyo yayiphuphuma ziincwadi ezintle zokufundwa ngoongqondo zisakhulayo.

Ukuza kuma ngoku, le projekthi ibe neetyesi zeencwadi ezimbini: enye iphuma kubafundi nabaphathi base-Academia, yaza enye yaphuma njengesipho esivela kwi-Vriende van Afrikaans, nanjengoko loo mbutho wawuthembise ngelithi uya kunikela ngetyesi enye ngombutho ngamnye othe wakhupha ityesi kule projekthi. Kudityaniswe nexhaso ebivela kwindawo yokuhlala abafundi yaseDagbreek naseMGD (Matie Community Service), kwaqokelelwa ama-R4 434 ngaphezulu, mali leyo iza kongezwa kungekudala ngomnye umcimbi wamaqebengwana anebhurevosi ukuze kubonelelwe nezinye izikolo ngeetyesi zeencwadi. Ingazukuphelela apho ke le nto! Eli qela liceba ezinye iiprojekthi eziya kuba yinzuzo ezikolweni. Eyokuqala kuzo iya kuba ziindibano zokufundela abafundi iincwadi.