Tag: Indlela yokucinga engeelwimi eziliqela

Ukunwenwa kweziphumo zolwimi

Uninzi lwethu alucingi kangako malunga nolwimi ngokwengqiqo ekuphileni kwethu ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Kwaye noko kunjalo, ulwimi esilusebenzisa kwizifundo zethu, kwiimeko zasemisebenzini nakubudlelwane bethu buqu nabanye abantu lulo olwakha uhlobo lokuqonda ubuthina, uhlobo esithanda ukuba lulo ehlabathini, kunye noko kukokona kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi.

Indlela esinxibelelana ngayo inefuthe kwaye iyakutshintsha okusingqongileyo, nto leyo idala amaza anwenwayo kubomi bethu jikelele.

Kodwa asiyazi sonke indlela yokukwenza kakuhle oko, kwaye siyalibala ukuba unxibelelwano alukho malunga noko sikuthethayo kuphela, kodwa lukwamalunga nendlela okuvakala ngayo oko sikuthethayo, kananjalo nomntu lowo ukuvayo oko sikuthethayo. Sonke sineendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokucinga nokuqonda, kwaye sineemvelaphi namava ahlukahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuphucula unxibelelwano akukho malunga nokwandisa amagama owaziyo nowasebenzisayo nokuchula usetyenziso lweempawu zokwakha izivakalisi ngokufanelekileyo nje kuphela. Kumalunga nokuqonda kakuhle abo siphila nabo ehlabathini, ukwakha ubudlelwane obunentsingiselo, ukuphuhlisa uluntu, nokudala ubomi obufanele ukuphilwa.

Nazi iindlela ezintathu ezilula ngokungakholelekiyo olunokuthi ulwimi lukuncede ngazo ukuba utshintshe ubomi bakho:

1. Ukuthotyelwa kwekwePOPIA? Thetha oko kufuneka ukuthethile ngokulula nangolwimi olucacileyo.

Umyalezo oneziphumo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka ube ubunjwe kakuhle kwaye ubhalwe ngolwimi olucacileyo. Njengoko umdlali webhesi odumileyo wayekhe wathi: “Ukwenza oko kulula kube nzima kuqhelekile; ukwenza okunzima kube lula, kube lula ngokumangazayo, obo bubuchule.” UMthetho woKhuselo lweNkcukacha zoMntu (POPIA) uqale ukusebenza ngomhla wo-1 kweyeKhala 2021 eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye loo nto iye yakhokelela kuthotho lweentetho zezomthetho ezingaqondekiyo malunga nothotyelo lwe-POPIA njengezi zilandelayo:

“Ukususela ngomhla we 01 kweyeKhala, namhlanje, uMthetho woKhuselo lweNkcukacha zoMntu (POPIA) uyaqala ukusebenza.[…] Ngoko ke, uyaziswa ukuba unelungelo lokwala ukunikezela ngemvume elolo hlobo kwaye ungalisebenzisa elo lungelo ngokuthi ulishiye eli qela/, ungaphuma ngokuthi ucofe kwilinki esezantsi kule imeyili.”

Ukuba ungathanda ngokwenene ukuqhagamshelana nabantu, kuphephe ukusebenzisa isigama esintsokothileyo uthethe ngqo le nto uzama ukuyichaza. Ungathanda nokuba ubabulele abantu ngokuthatha inxaxheba. Ngolu hlobo:

“Nanjengoko kungenzeka sele usazi, ukwaziswa koMthetho woKhuselo lweNkcukacha zoMntu (POPIA) kuye kwaqalisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngomhla we01 kweyeKhala 2021 eMzantsi Afrika. […] Ukuba ungathanda ukuqhubekeka ufumana iileta zethu zeendaba, akukho mfuneko yokuba wenza kwanto kwaye uza kuqhubeka ufumana unxibelelwano olusuka kuthi. Ukuba ukhetha ukulifumani unxibelelwano olu loluhlobo ukuya phambili, uvumelekile ukuba ucofe kwiqhosha lokuphuma elisezantsi kule mbalelwano.

Uyabulelwa ngokuba ube yinxalenye yoluntu esilwakhayo.”

2. Sebenzisa u ‘si’ no ‘yethu’, hayi u‘ndi’ no‘wena’: Dala uqhagamshelwano, hayi ukuqelelanisa abantu.

Sinako sonke ukuba ngumqobo ngokwethu ezindleleni zethu, maxa wambi oko kube kungezonjongo zethu. Abongameli neeNgqonyela zolawulo eziphumeleleyo ziyayazi ukuba eyona ndlela yokusombulula iyantlukwano phakathi kwabantu kukubalisa ibali lobuntu elilula nelimalunga neenqobo esabelana ngazo singabantu. Ukusebenzisa u’si’ no’yethu’, hayi u’ndi’ no’wena’ kwenza uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwabantu, nanjengoko uMongameli uNelson Mandela wayesazi ngelixa wayesenza intetho yokufungiswa kwakhe njengomongameli eyibhekise ebantwini baseMzantsi Afrika neendwendwe zakhe zakumazwe ngamazwe ngomhla we10 kuCanzibe, 1994:

“Izenzo zethu zemihla ngemihla njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka zivelise ubunyani boMzantsi Afrika obuza kuqinisa inkolelo yabantu kubulungisa, bomeleze ithemba labo ekubalulekeni komphefumlo womntu ze bugcine onke amathemba ethu obomi obuzukileyo kumntu wonke.

Konke oku sizityala kona thina buqu kwaye sikutyala naba bantu behlabathi ababamelwe kakuhle kangaka apha namhlanje.

Kuthi zintandazwe, andinazintandabuzo ekuthini umntu ngamnye kuthi uncamathele nca kumhlaba weli lizwe lihle kangaka njengoko kuncamathele kuwo imithi edumileyo yejakharanda yasePitoli nemithi yomnga kumathafakazi eli.”

UMandela wayenako ukuthethela u‘si’, abantu ababenokubonwa njengabaneqhagamshela kunye nomhlaba woMzantsi Afrika noluntu lwayo olungabemi, ngokungathaliseki kokwahluka-hlukana kwabo. Obu yayibubuchule benene, kwaye kuthethwa ngokulandelelana kwezinto ngokwendalo, umhlaba, into wonke ubani akwaziyo ukuqhagamshelana nayo.

3. Bulisa umntu ngolwimi lwakhe, hayi ngolwakho. Hlwayela indlela yokucinga engesakhono sokusebenzisa iilwimi ngeelwimi.

Ukubulisa umntu ngolwimi lwakhe kubonakalisa ukuba uyikhathalele ngokwaneleyo inkcubeko yakhe ukuba ude ufunde okuthile okuncinci ngayo, kwaye kukuvulela iingcango ezinokube bezivalekile kuwe.

Nkqu nokubulisa nje okungenani kuyayibonakalisa inkcubeko yethu nendlela esicinga ngayo. Akunjalo kwiinkcubeko zaseAfrika. Ukunqwala intloko okanye uncumele umntu odibene naye ekufoleni umgca okanye esitratweni, okanye u”Molo” nje ohamba yedwa ngaphandle kokuthi “Unjani?” kuye kubonakala kungebuntu eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kusithatha kusibuyisele umva kwiindlela zesintu ezityebileyo zokubulisa neziquka ukubuza malunga nentlalo-ntle yomntu neyosapho lwakhe (nkqu neyezinyanya zakhe), njengoku kubulisa ngesiZulu:

Sawubona. Ninjani? Oku xa kuguqulelwa esiXhoseni kuthetha ukuthi: Molo (ngokoguqulo ngqo: siya kubona. Unjani (ngokoguqulo ngqo: ninjani?)

Isakhono sokusebenzisa iilwimi ngeelwimi simalunga nokungaphezulu kokuzimisela ukufunda nokusebenzisa iilwimi eziliqela nje kuphela. Kukwayindlela yokucinga. Kusixhobisa ekubeni sibe namava ambaxa nahluka-hlukeneyo, kwaye sizibandakanye noluntu ngendlela echukumisa intliziyo, hayi nje ingqondo kuphela.

Njengoko nabani na owakhe waba kwiphulo lokufunda ulwimi olutsha esazi, loo mava okufunda angabuguqula ubomi bakho. Njengoko amava akho olwimi kwimeko yenkcubeko yalo esanda, uza kufumanisa ukuba ezi lwimi nezi nkcubeko awuzigcini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo engqondweni yakho, koko wakha ubuchule bokusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi obukhulayo nalapho lonke ulwazi lwakho namava akho athi abe negalelo, nalapho iilwimi zithi zibe nonxulumano.

Njengokunkcenkceza kwamanzi kwiqula lamanzi, ulwimi luneziphumo ezingalindelekanga nezimangalisa ngokwenene.

– nguKim Wallmach, uguqulo lolwimi lwenziwe ngu Siphumeze Mrwetyana noZama Bekweni

UGqr Kim Wallmach nguMlawuli weZiko leeLwimi kwiYunivesithi yaseStellenbosch. Ubulela oogxa bakhe kuMasebe esi-Afrikansi nesiDatshi, iZifundo zeKharityhulam, iiLwimi zale Mihla, nakwiZiko leeLwimi ngegalelo labo kwixabiso lesakhono sokusebenzisa iilwimi ngeelwimi.

[us_image image=”17583″ size=”medium” style=”shadow-1″]

iziphumo ezinenwenwayo (isibizo) isiphumo sesiganeko esinye esithi sibe nefuthe kwezinye iziganeko ngendlela engalindelekanga, okanye kwiindawo ezingalindelekanga.

Izifundo ezingembali yamagama: ngokufaniswa namaza anwenwayo ngaphezu kwamanzi xa kuthe kwajulwa ilitye kuwo
Umthombo: www.definitions.net/definition/ripple+effect

2 August 2021Tags: Indlela yokucinga engeelwimi eziliqela

Yonwabela inkululeko eziswa lulwimi

Yiba nomfanekiso ngqondweni ngehlabathi elingenalo ulwimi. Ingakwazi ukwenzeka lo nto xa ucinga? Awucingi ukuba ingenzeka lo nto?Awukhe uyicinge eyokuba ulwimi luthungelana neengcinga kwaye ayisebenzi eyokucinga ukuba ngaba awucingi ngolwimi lwakho? Uza kufikelela njani kwiingcinga zakho ukuba ngaba azizinzanga kuhlobo oluthile lolwimi?

Kwincwadi ethi , The language instinct, uSteven Pinker (1994:3) naye uyahambisana nezingcinga xa esithi: Language is so tightly woven into human experience that it is scarcely possible to imagine life without it. Chances are that if you find two or more people together anywhere on earth, they will soon be exchanging words” (Ulwimi lubhijeleke ngqo kumava omntu nto leyo inqabileyo ukuba bunganjani ubomi ngaphandle kolwimi. Maninzi amathuba apho unokufumana abantu ababini nangaphezulu naphina emhlabeni, ungabeva bencokola okanye besayinelana ngalo) Abantu abangakwaziyo ukuthetha nokuva basebenzisa ulwimi lwezandla njengabantu abevayo ngeendlebe abasebenzisa iilwimi ezithethwayo: ngokuhleka, ukukhala nokubhiyoza, kwaye iziphumo zezichukumisayo nezakhayo.

Yile ngcamango kanye esingenakho ukuba singangabelani ngayo ngolwimi lwethu nabanye abantu kwaye indenze ndicinge ngale nkululeko intle esiyiphathelwa lulwimi ukuze sikwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Ulwimi lukhulula iingcinga ezikwintloko zethu ngokusinika isixhobo sokulusebenzisa,kwaye maxa wambi sothule umthwalo osemagxeni omnye umntu. Ulwimi lunika indlela yemvakalelo, ukuviwa kwaye ukwazi ukunxulumana nabanye. Iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zilawulwa yimigaqo eyahlukeneyo yokubhalwa kwegrama, kodwa eyona Nkululeko ivulekileyo yile yokukwazi ukusebenzisa ulwimi kwaye uvelise into abanye abantu abangazange bayithetha ncakasana ngendlela ebalaseleyo. Cinga ngemibongo,iziqwengana zocamngco, iblogu,amavo okanye iincwadi ezinezihloko ezinye zababhali abahluka hlukeneyo.: umzila omhle abanokuhamba ngawo, kodwa kukho indlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokuvakalisa imvakalelo. Le nto ayikwenzi ucinge ngokufuna ukuqala ukubhala into ngokukhawuleza?

Siphila kwixesha apho inkululeko yethu yentshukumo nenkululeko yendibano ziphantsi komngeni womngcipheko wolosuleleko. Nakubeni ezinye zenkululeko zethu zokudibana ziphantsi koku ncitshiswa ukuze kunqandwe ukunwena kobhubhane esijongene naye, inkululeko yethu yobungqondi ayiminywanga yona. Masamkele le meko sikuyo ingaqhelekanga ukuze sikhumbule izinto ezininzi esaziphathelwa yinkululeko.

Ukukhumbula usuku lweNkululeko kulo unyaka, thina kwiZiko leeLwimi sikhetha ukubhiyozela inkululeko esinayo kulwimi – amathuba angenasiphelo esiwaphathelwa lulwimi ukuze sivakalise imvakalelo zethu, sinxulumane nabanye abantu kwaye siphile ubomi bethu, nokuba ngaba amathuba ethu okubonana emancinci okwethutyana.

– nguSusan Lotz noKim Wallmach; translated by Zandile Kondowe

Full reference: Pinker, Steven. 1994. The language instinct: The new science of language and mind. Penguin Books: London. 3

22 April 2021Tags: Indlela yokucinga engeelwimi eziliqela

Masikhuthaze ukuxatyiswa kweelwimi ezahlukileyo

Minyaka le, ngomhla wama-21 kweyoMdumba, ihlabathi lonke ngokubanzi libhiyozela uSuku loLwimi lweeNkobe kwiHlabathi ngokubanzi. Le mibhiyozo yasungulwa kwinyanga yoMdumba kumnyaka ka-2000. Ukusukela kuloo nyaka ke, amazwe ngamazwe ehlabathi, ingakumbi abathandi bolwimi, babhiyozela iilwimi zeenkobe ngendlela ngeendlela ezahlukileyo. Ezona njongo zokubhiyozelwa kolu suku, kukuphuhlisa ukwahluka kwethu ngokwenkcubeko, kuquka nokukhuthazwa kokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukileyo. Esona sizathu sokuzibandakanya kwiphulo lokukhuthazwa kokusetyenziswa kolwimi lweenkobe, kukuba iilwimi ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela, ziya ziba semngciphekweni wokubhanga. Ngokophando olwenziwe nguMbutho weeLwimi waseOstraliya, kufumaniseka ukuba zingama-43% kumyinge ekhulwini iilwimi ezisemngciphekweni ehlabathini. Iilwimi ziba semngciphekweni xa abantu bengazisebenzisi ekuzithetheni, ekuzibhaleni, kwezemfundo nakumaqonga obugcisa afana nomabonakude, i-intanethi, kwiminxeba, kuquka nakwimijelo yeendaba.

Ukukhuthazwa kokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zeenkobe, akuyi kuphelela nje ekongeni nasekuphuhliseni oko kulilifa ebantwini, koko kukhuthaza nokuzibandakanya kwinkcubeko yabo bathetha olo lwimi, ukuba yinxalenye yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi, kuquka nokubambisana kuphuhliso lwezinye iilwimi nokuxhasa amaphulo okusetyenziswa kwazo zonke iilwimi ekubeni kufundiswe kwaye kuphandwe ngazo.

Thina kweli ziko sikholelwa kwelokuba ulwimi aluphelelanga nje ekubeni lulwimi –koko ikwangumjelo wokugqithisela amasiko. Ulwazi nothando olungagungqiyo lolwimi namasiko, luzinze kumbilini nakumathambo abo bonke abasebenzi beli ziko lolwimi. Okona sikholelwa kuko kukuba ulwazi nothando lweelwimi ezahlukeneyo, kunegalelo ekuzinziseni ubudlelane phakathi kwabantu, phakathi kwemibutho, phakathi kwezizwe kummandla othile wenkcubeko. Xa sikhuthaza ukuxatyiswa nokukhuliswa kolwimi ngobugcisa kwiZiko leeLwimi, sikhuthaza abafundi bethu nabaxhasi bazinikele kangangoko ekufundeni ezinye iilwimi kunye nathi – ingasisiXhosa, isiAfrikansi okanye isiNgesi.

Simema bonke abaxumi (different stakeholders) beYunivesithi yaseStellenbosch nabahlali bedolophu ngokubanzi, ukuba baze kuzibandakanya nomsebenzi omhle weli ziko leelwimi ukuze sakhe isixeko esingaphelelanga nje ekuthobelelaneni ngokweelwimi, koko ibe sisixeko esifunda iilwimi ngeelwimi, ukuze sakhe isizwe esiyimbumba nesasikhuthazwa bubunkokheli bukaNelson Mandela.

Ngokubhalwa nguZandile Kondowe

International Mother Language Day poster

19 February 2021Tags: Indlela yokucinga engeelwimi eziliqela