Inyanga kaCanzibe iqatshelwa njengenyanga yobu-Afrika. Olona suku lobuAfrika lubhiyozelwa ngomhla wama25 kuCanzibe ukukhumbula ukusekwa koMbutho woManyano lobuAfrika (Organisation of African Unity) ekungoku nje waziwa njengoMbutho wobuAfrika (African Union) ngomhla wama25 kuCanzibe ngo-1963. Ngolu suku, iinkokheli zamazwe angama30 kumazwe angama-32 ase-Afrika azimeleyo atyikitya umqulu e-Addis Ababa, eYutopiya, zenza isifungo sokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kobuzwe ngendlela yomanyano nenkululeko kwingcinezelo.
Kule nyanga, iZiko leeLwimi likhethe ukugqamisa iindima ezibalulekileyo ezithe zadlalwa zitoliki kwilizwekazi i-Afrika ukukhawulelana neengxaki zokungavani ngokweelwimi, ukusuka kubasebenzi-ngeelwimi abaqeqeshiweyo neembongi zeentlanga ngeentlanga zoluntu lwaseAfrika ukuza kwiitoliki zale mihla ezichophela ukwakhiwa kobuzwe zize zibonelele ngofikelelo kwiinkonzo ngokutolika kwiipalamente zezizwe, iinkomfa, iinkundla zamatyala nezibhedlele. Kwaye, neetoliki zezemfundo ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba abahlohli abakwiiYunivesithi bavakale ngolwimi lwesiAfrikansi, lwesiNgesi, lwesiXhosa noLwimi lokuthetha ngeZandla loMzantsi Afrika.
Isenzo sokutolika intetho esuka kolunye ulwimi iye kolunye kwilizwekazi iAfrika, njengakuyo nayiphi na enye indawo, isusela kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Kuluntu oluninzi lwase-Afrika, abasebenzi-ngeelwimi abaqeqeshiweyo okanye iimbongi zazikuludwe olude lwezithethi ezinesipho sokuthetha iilwimi ezahlukahlukenyo nezazisenza imibongo kwimisitho yoluntu ebalulekileyo ukubhiyozela izenzo zoloyiso neempawu zobungangamsha kwinkosi nezinyanya zayo. Ubugcisa bomlomo bee-groits (‘iimbongi zesintu’) zaseNtshona Afrika neembongi (‘praise singers’) zaseMazantsi Afrika busaqhubekeka nanamhlanje, nalapho iimbongi zisebenza njengabasasazi kwezopolitiko.
Ukuviwa kwamatyala kwiKomishoni yeNyaniso noXolelaniso (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) ukususela ngo-1996 ukuya ku-1998 kwaba lithuba lokuqala lokuba abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi baqhelane nemimangaliso yokutolikwa kwentetho ngaxesha-linye nokwenziwa kwayo ngeelwimi ezilishumi elinanye ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika. Iitoliki zazichophela uxolelaniso ngelixa lokuviwa kwamatyala kwiKomishoni yeNyaniso noXolelaniso. Ukususela ngoko, ziye zaqhubekeka ngokuncedisa ekwakhiweni koMzantsi Afrika njengesizwe kuwisomthetho lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, iintlanganiso zamabhunga oomasipala neenkomfa. Abanye abaqeshi abakhulu beetoliki eAfrika baquka uMbutho wobuAfrika (African Union), iPalamente yama-Afrika oMthonyama, i-UNON (iOfisi eseNairobi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo), i-SADC (uPhuhliso loLuntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika) neBhanka yoPhuhliso lweAfrika (African Development Bank).
Kwihlabathi lonke jikelele, iitoliki zolwimi lokuthetha ngezandla zaziwa ngobuchule bokufikelela ngemfundo kubafundi abanokhubazeko lokungeva, kodwa into engaziwa kangako kukuba iitoliki zeelwimi ezithethwa ngomlomo nazo zinakho ukwenza okufanayo ngokujoliswe kubafundi abevayo. IiYunivesithi eziliqela zoMzantsi Afrika zenza ukuba izifundo zaseyunivesithi zifikeleleke kubafundi abangaziva bekhululekile kulwimi ekufundiswa ngalo. ESU, iitoliki zethu zezemfundo zisebenza ngesiAfrikansi, isiNgesi, isiXhosa noLwimi lokuthetha ngeZandla loMzantsi Afrika.
Siyayibhiyozela indima edlalwe ziitoliki kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukunceda iAfrika nabantu bayo ukuba baqhagamshelane futhi baphumelele. SiliZiko leeLwimi sizithatha njengabanenyhweba njengoko siyinxalenye yelo bali.
Ukuba uyitoliki esebenza eAfrika, nceda wabelane ngebali lakho. Sithumele i-imeyili kule dilesi taalsentrum@sun.ac.za.
– ngoKim Wallmach; ulwimi luguqulwe nguSipumeze Mrwetyana noZama Bekeweni
Umthombo: Wallmach, K. 2015. Africa. In Pöchhacker, F. (ed.) Encyclopaedia of Interpreting Studies. London: Routledge.
