Stellenbosch University Language Centre

Tag: multilingualism

IiLwimi ziluLutho! Umhla wokuBhiyozela iiLwimi zeeNkobe weHlabathi wowama2025

ULwesihlanu wowama21 kweyoMdumba (Februwari) uphawula iminyaka engama25 wesikhumbuzo soMhla wokuBhiyozela iiLwimi zeeNkobe weHlabathi (IMLD), osisikhumbuzo esenziwa kwihlabathi lonke qho ngonyaka ukukhuthaza ulwaziso loluntu malunga neelwimi ngeelwimi neenkcubeko ngeenkcubeko kwakunye nokukhulisa ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngeelwimi. Olu suku olwamiselwa yiUNESCO ngowe1999, luqaqambisa indima engundoqo yeelwimi kwezemfundo, kugcino lwenkcubeko nakubandakanyeko loluntu kusetyenziswa ulwimi, kananjalo lugqamisa imingeni yeelwimi ezisemngciphekweni wokutshabalala neyoluntu oluthetha iilwimi ngeelwimi olukwihlabathi lonke.

Ngowama21 kweyoMdumba (Februwari) 1952, abafundi abahlanu baye babulawa baze abaninzi bonzakala xa ngamapolisa ngenxa yokuba babe noqhankqalazo eBangladesh (eyayibizwa ngelo xesha ngokuba yiEast Pakistan) lokuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo iBengali njengolwimi olusemthethweni. Kwiminyaka emine elandela leyo, iBengali yathi yaba lulwimi olusemthethweni.

Into eyaqala njengentshukumo yesizwe yahlupheza intshukumo yehlabathi lonke ukuba kulwelwe amalungelo olwimi. Ngoku, olu suku luluphawu lwamalungelo omntu ngamnye ukuba afunde, athethe ze aphuhlise ulwimi lwakhe lweenkobe engenaxhala lokucalulwa okanye lokucinezelwa.”

Lo asingomba wamagama kuphela

Ngaphakathi kwiilwimi zoluntu kukho iinkcubeko, iimbali nokutyhila ukuba abantu abathetha ezo lwimi bangoobani na. Xa ulwimi luduka, kulahleka indlela ethile yokucinga, nobaliso lwamabali kunye nokuqondwa kwehlabathi unomphelo. I-UN iqikelela ukuba kukho malunga ne8 300 yeelwimi kwihlabathi lonke, yaye malunga ne40% yezo lwimi isemngciphekweni wokutshabalala okanye ‘wokuphela’, ngamanye amazwi, akukho bantwana okanye bantu batsha abathetha olo lwimi yaye ngabantu abadala abambalwa kuphela abasaluthethayo. Okubuhlungu ke, kukuba oku kubandakanya ulwimi lokugqibela kwiilwimi ezazithethwa ngamaKhoisan eMzantsi. Ukususela ngo2017, iNama, elulwimi olwaluthethwa kakhulu luluntu lwamaKhoisan eMntla Koloni, ibisele ithethwa kuphela ngabantu abangama2 000, uninzi lwabo ingabo baneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu; ngabantu abadala abathathu kuphela beKhomani San abasathetha ulwimi lweN | uu; yaye babini kuphela abantu abaziwayo abasathetha iKora, elulwimi lwamaKorana.

Nanjengokuba umsebenzi wolwimi ungaphelelanga ekunxibelelaneni ngalo, ukuba neelwimi ezahlukahlukileyo asiyonto yokugcina nje amagama, koko ikwangumba wokutshintshiselana ngeenkcubeko nokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani uyafikelela kumathuba ezemfundo nakumathuba onke akhoyo. Umxholo weIMLD 2025, “Iilwimi ziLulutho (Languages Matter)!” ukwagxininisa isidingo esingxamisekileyo senkqubela sokuthathelwa ingqalelo kweelwimi ezahlukahlukileyo nokubandakanywa kwazo njengenxalenye yeeNjongo neZiPhumo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo zeUN (SDGs). ukuSetyenziswa kwazo kwiHlabathi lonke. Imigaqonkqubo yeelwimi ezongamela ezinye nenkqubela kwiteknoloji kubeka engozini ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kweyantlukwano ngokweelwimi, nto leyo ethi ikhokelele ekucezelweni kweelwimi ezingabonwa njengezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Kungokunje, zingaphantsi kwe100 iilwimi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kunxibelelwano ngedijithali nakumaqonga eintanethi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kungafikeleli wonke umntu kulwazi nakumathuba okufunda kwabo bathetha iilwimi ezithethwa ngabantu abambalwa. Kuba ngoku iteknoloji iyiyo esetyenziselwa unxibelelwano, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iilwimi, kubandakanywa iilwimi zesintu nezo zithethwa ngabantu abambalwa, ziyamelwa kwezemfundo, kubomi bukawonkewonke nakumaqonga edijithali.

Ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngeelwimi nokunye

Ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngeelwimi kuxela ubukho beelwimi ezingaphezu kwesibini kummandla othile okanye ukukwazi ukuthetha ngaphezu kweelwimi ezimbini. Eli libinzana elisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingxoxo ezimalunga nemfundo nobandakanyeko loluntu. Uphando lubonakalisa ukuba ama40% oluntu kwihlabathi akafikeleli kwimfundo ngolwimi abantu abo abaluthethayo okanye abaluqondayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba abantwana baphumeze konke ebebenokuphumeza.

Ngokufaka iilwimi zeenkobe kwimfundo, uluntu lungakhula ekukwazini ukufunda nokubhala, iziphumo zokufunda zingaphucuka yaye abantu banganonxibelelwano olunzulu nenkcubeko yabo.”

Ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye, okusisigama esisandula ukusetyenziswa akupheleli nje ekwazini iilwimi ezininzi. Kugxininisa ukukwazi ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye, umntu ekufumana oko kwiilwimi neenkcubeko ezahlukileyo. Ngokungafani nombono “wobungcungela” kwiilwimi ezahlukileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye, kuthathela ingqalelo ukuba umntu usenokungazazi ngokupheleleyo zonke ezo lwimi, koko uye asebenzise iilwimi ezahlukileyo ngokwemeko nesidingo selo xesha.

Isiseko soku kukunxibelelana ngempumelelo endaweni yokukwazi ulwimi olo ngokupheleleyo njengeyona njongo yokufunda ulwimi. Xa kusetyenziswa iilwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye kwezemfundo, naxa kukhuthazwa ukufundwa kweelwimi ukususela ebuntwaneni, kungaxhobisa umntu ngamnye ngezakhono zokuphumelela kwihlabathi ngeli lixa kugcinwa ubambelelo olumandla kulwimi lweenkobe. E-SU, ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye, kuyinxalenye yengqiqo yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngeelwimi – indlela yokubona ubomi apho ubani enomnqweno wokusebenzisana nabantu abathetha ezinye iilwimi ngokuthi amkele into eziswa kukwahluka komnye umntu kwiqonga lokubonisana.

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Nanjengoko sibhiyozela uMhla wokuBhiyozela iiLwimi zeeNkobe weHlabathi 2025, masikhumbule ukuba ulwimi lungaphezulu nje kwamagama; koko lumalunga nokuba umntu ngamnye ungubani na, lungemveli yomntu, lungoqhagamshelwano. Nokuba uthetha ulwimi olunye okanye ezininzi, inzame nganye yokugcina, ukufunda okanye ukukhuthaza ulwimi lweenkobe iba negalelo kwihlabathi elibandakanya wonke ubani nelineelwimi ngeelwimi. Iilwimi zilulutho yaye kufuneka sizikhusele.

– Ibhalwe nguTania Botha; yaguqulelwa nguNcebakazi Saliwa-Mogale noMawabo Sijila

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Impilontle ithanda ubuqabane

Lixesha lonyaka kwakhona xa iidayari zethu ziqala ukugcwala ngamadinga eendibano kunye nemisitho yokuphela konyaka. Ukuba ukujongana nekhalenda yakho kukubangela ukuba uzive udinwakukusoloko ukunye noluntu, singathanda ukukukhumbuza ngesiphazamisi samva nje: iCovid-19. Usayikhumbula phofu indlela owabuguqula ngayo ubomi bethu lo bhubhane usibhekelisa ebantwini ukwabangele ukuba siphangelele emakhayeni, ndawonye neemvakalelo ezalandelayo zobulolo kunye nokungahlangani?

Asinakuba ngabantu abanobubele ngokulinganayo sonke, kodwa ke ngokuqinisekileyo ukuvalwa kwelizwe kwabonisa ukuba kusendalweni yethu ukukholwa kukuhlala kunye, kwaye unxibelelwano nabanye bohlobo lwethu lubalulekile kwimpilontle yethu kunye nakwezomsebenzi.

Ngapha koko, kubantu abaninzi, lo bhubhane wayitshintsha ngokumandla  indlela esisebenza ngayo kunye neendawo esisebenza kuzo, kwaye olu hlobo lutsha lokusebenzela emakhayeni luthe lwaba yindlela entsha kodwa esele iqhelekile kungoku nje. Oku kuthetha ukuba siyaluyeka uninzi lweendlela zonxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla oluqhelekileyo obelusele luyinxalenye lokusebenzela eziofisizini – iincoko eziqhelekileyo kunye namathuba okugilagilana, amakhefu okwabelana kunye neziqhazolo, kunye neendibano zamaqela ezivulela ukuphuhla kobudlelane ngokwendalo ze zimilisele nomoya wobudlelane phakathi kwabasebenzi. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka siwamkele kwaye sithathe amathuba okunxibelelana noogxa bethu rhoqo kangangoko sinakho.

Xa sichitha ixesha kunye, asipheleli nje ekuphumleni – sakha ubudlelane obuzisa imvakalelo yokuba sindawonye kunye nesiqiniseko sokuba asikho sodwa kule nto. Kuthi apha kwiZiko leeLwimi, lo mba uphinde wabuyela ekhaya emva kohambo lwakutsha nje lweqela obelusingise eBo-Kaap ukuya kubhiyozela uSuku lwaMafa eMveli. Uninzi loogxa bethu luvakalise uchulumanco nombulelo ngolu tyelelo, lugxininisa futhi ukuba ngaphezu kwexabiso lemfundo nenkcubeko yolu tyelelo, lulonwabele ngakumbi unxibelelwano olukhululekileyo kunye nethuba lokufumana abo basebenza nabo abangafane bababone.

Ukuphuma kwabasebenzi kunye nemisitho yoluntu sinika ithuba lokuphuma kwindawo yethu yesiqhelo yokusebenza kunye nemiba yazo, silibale ngemihla yokugeniswa kwemisebenzi, ze sonwabele ubuqabane bomnye nomnye kwindawo engeyoyakabani. Kwezi meko zipholileyo, siye sikhawulelane nemiqobo yokulingani ngokwezikhundla ethi ivele ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye sibonana njengabantu, hayi nje abantu esisebenza nabo okanye ngokumalunga nabaphathi kwanabo baphethweyo. Oko kutshintsha yonke into. Ngokwesiquphe, kulula ukuncokola ngokukhululekileyo, ukuya komnye umntu ukuze ufumane icebiso, okanye sisebenzisane kwiphulo elithile, kuba sesisazana yaye sithembana ngcono.

Akubandakanyi kuqosheliswa kwamsebenzi nje kuphela; koko kumalunga nokwazi ukuba ngaphaya kwemisebenzi kunye neentlanganiso zasemsebenzini, siyinxalenye yeqela elinika inkxasayo nelisikhuselayo, elisenzea sibe namandla nangakumbi ze sikwazi ukujamelana nemingeni emitsha xa kuya kusiba a nzima.”

Ngoko ke qhubela phambili: Zonwabele iindibano zokuphela konyaka ze ugcwalise indebe yakho ngonxibelelwano oluzivayo ngenjongo yokwenza indawo yokusebenzela ingabi yondawo yokusebenzela nje kuphela, kodwa ibe yindawo yokuphumelela ngo2025!

– Ibhalwe nguTania Botha; yaguqulelwa nguXolela Benayo noFundile Majola.

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Ukujonga emva ngoSuku lweNkululeko: Ulwimi, ukuvakalisa izimvo kunye noxanduva

USpiderman watsho kanye ngqo apho kufele khona ithole xa wayesithi “ngamandla amakhulu kuza uxanduva olukhulu”. Kukwanjalo ke nangenkululeko, njengoko uEleanor Roosevelt watsho ngokufanelekileyo: Inkululeko iza noxanduva.

Ngelixa sisadla amazimba, sifunda kwaye siphumelela (kwaye, ke, ngamanye amaxesha, sicenga ubomi) kuMzantsi Afrika wentando yesininzi, onentlaninge yeelwimi, sikwanalo noxanduva lokuzamazamana nokuqonda umba wenkululeko kunye noxanduva oluza nenkululeko yokwenene, ingakumbi xa sicamngca ukuba luthethe ntoni na kuthi uSuku lweNkululeko, olubhiyozelwa ngomhla wama27 kuTshazimpuzi.

Inkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo

NgokweArticle 19, engumbutho wamazwe ngamazwe ongulowo ugxile ekuqwalaselweni kwenkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo, “inkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo yenza ukuba kubekho iingxoxo, yakha ukuqonda, kwaye yandisa ulwazi lukawonkewonke”. Thina njengeZiko leeLwimi siyanqwala ngakoku: Ukukwazi ukwabelana ngezimvo kunye nolwazi ngokungabambi gazi kusenza sonke sibe nokuloleka engqondweni kwaye oku kunceda uluntu lwethu ukuba luphumelele.

Njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika kunamhlanje nje kwilizwe lethu sixhamla kwiinkululeko eziluthotho ezalwelwa nzima, ingakumbi inkululeko yokunxibelelana ngolwimi lwethu lweenkobe okanye ulwimi esilukhethayo. Ngaphezu koko, kukho indawo yamazwi amaninzi kunye nezimvo ezininzi – indawo apho zinokumanyelwa.

 

Ithetha ntoni inkululeko kuthi kwiZiko leeLwimi leYunivesithi yaseStellenbosch (SU)?

Kuthi njengeZiko, inkululeko asiyongcamango nje ekhiwe emoyeni; koko ngumgaqo osisikhokelo obumba intsebenziswano yethu nehlabathi elisingqongileyo kunye nendlela esijongana nayo nenkqubo yokufunda nokufundisa. Iqala ngenkululeko yokuthetha – ilungelo elisisiseko sokuvakalisa iingcinga, iimvakalelo kunye nezimvo zethu ngolwimi esilukhethayo. Kwiimodyuli, iindibano zocweyo kunye nezifundo ezimfutshane esizinikezelayo, sizama ukuvula iindawo apho abathathinxaxheba baziva bekhululekile kwaye bekhuselekile ukuvakalisa izimvo zabo ngokunyanisekileyo, ukubuza imibuzo, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwingxoxo enentsingiselo nabo babangqongileyo. Sikwazama kananjalo ukuyila iindawo ezinjalo kwikhampasi iphela ngeelwimi zethu neenkonzo zokutolika.

Ubuchule bokuyila

Inkululeko ikwabandakanya inkululeko yokuyila ngobuchule – ukuphonononga iinkalo ezintsha zolwimi, ulingo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvakalisa izimvo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo yolwimi lwemveli ayityhalelwa ngaphandle. Siyabakhuthaza abo sisebenzisana nabo – abafundi, abathathinxaxheba singabalibalanga ke abaxhamlizinkonzo – ukukhulula iintelekelelo zabo nokusebenzisa amandla olwimi ukudlulisela iimbono namava abo awodwa, nokuba kungesiXhosa, isiAfrikansi, isiNgesi okanye uLwimi lweZandla loMzantsi Afrika.

Inkululeko ayikokungabikho kwamagingxigingxi angaphandle nje kuphela kodwa nobukho bokuvumela iimeko zokuyila ngobuchule ezisivumela ukuba siqonde kwaye sibonakalise amandla ethu apheleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka sidale iimekobume ezibandakanyayo apho izimvo neelwimi ezahlukeneyo zingaviwa nje kwaye zibonwe, kodwa zamkelwe. Ikhokelisa ukukhulisa nokukhuthaza inkcubeko yonyamezelwano nentlonipho, nokukhuthaza ufikelelo olungenamkhethe kumathuba kunye neziseko, hayi nje kancinci xa kuthethwa ngolwimi – ngokukodwa ingqondo engokubhekisele kwintlaninge yeelwimi. E-SU kwanakwiZiko leeLwimi, oku umzekelo kubonakalisa ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokutolika ngexesha lezifundo kunye nethuba lokuva iilwimi ezininzi, iilwimi zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, zisetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo ekhampasini nakwiindawo esihlala kuzo.

 

Ulangazelelo lomntu olukhulu

Ingcamango ngenkululeko iqulethe kuyo ulangazelelo lwethu olusisiseko lokuzimela njengabantu, isidima kunye nokuzichaza ukuba ungubani na. Ngumgaqo oguquguqukayo nophuhlayo osembindini wamava ethu singabantu, inkqubelaphambili, ubulungisa kunye nokunqwenela ihlabathi elinobulungisa nelilinganayo. Ihlabathi apho zonke izimvo zinokumanyelwa, kwaye onke amabali anokubaliswa kwaye axatyiswe. Ngamafutshane – ilizwe elinentlaninge yeelwimi kunye neenkcubeko ezininzi.

Zibandakanye nathi kwiZiko leeLwimi njengoko sisamkela amandla enguqu olwimi nokufunda kwizimvo okwenene abo basingqongileyo, ekhampasini, kumagumbi ethu okufundela nasemakhayeni ethu – kwanangenkululeko.

Yiva inkululeko!

– ibhalwe nguEster van der Vyver, uguqulo lolwimi lwenziwe nguXolela Benayo

 

 

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Iilwimi zethu zeenkobe: Sifumana ntoni thina?

KwiZiko leeLwimi laseSU, siyabelana ngenkolelo yeUNESCO ekubalulekeni kokwahlukahlukana ngokweenkcubeko neelwimi ukulungiselela uluntu oluluqilima, kwaye siyakwamkela ukubhiyozelwa koSuku lweeLwimi zeeNkobe kwihlabathi jikelele ngomhla wama21 kweyoMdumba kunyaka ngamnye.

USuku lweeLwimi zeeNkobe alukho malunga nolwimi lwakho lweenkobe nolwimi lwam lweenkobe ngokuzimela kwazo nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo lumalunga nazo neelwimi zeenkobe zabo bantu basingqongileyo. Ukuba siyakuqonda ukuba ulwimi lweenkobe lomntu osecaleni kwethu luxabiseke kuye ngohlobo oluxabiseke ngayo njengoko nathi sibazise ezethi, kwaye sikuhloniphe oko, sele sithathe amanyathelo amahle kakhulu.

Kutheni le nto iilwimi zeenkobe zibalulekile, ngaphandle kokuba sifaka iinqobo zangokwasemphefumlweni ku(kwii)lwimi esikhule ngalo/ngazo kwaye saqala ukuzivakalisa ngalo/ngazo? Zingasebenziseka njani ngokuphathekayo kuthi, nkqu nokuba amaxesha amaninzi sisebenzisa ulwimi lwesibini okanye lwesithathu ukuqinisekisa ukuba sinxibelelana ngendlela enceda abanye ekubeni baqonde oko sikuthethayo?

 

Iindawo zokuma uthi tsii gxada zasengqondweni

Iilwimi zeenkobe ziindawo zokuma uthi tsii gxada zasengqondweni. Sonke sisebenzisa ulwimi lwethu lweenkobe njengendlela yokukhulisa ulwazi. Xa ufumana ulwazi olutsha, ngokwesiqhelo uqala ngengcaciso oqheleneyo nayo uze emva koko uthabathe indlela esuka apho eya kwiintlambo zolwazi ongalwaziyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uqala kwindawo apho uyaziyo ukuba ingcamango ethile iyintoni ngolwimi lwakho lweenkobe, unayo indawo onokusuka kuyo ukuze ufunde okunye, kwaye ungasebenzisa oko ukuqhelileyo njengendawo yokuma uthi tsii gxada uqonde ngayo iingcamango ezintsokothe ngakumbi, nkqu naxa uzifumana ngolwimi olwahlukileyo kolo lwakho lweenkobe.

Ngoko ke, abafundi bangakwazi, kwaye kungafuneka, ukuba basebenzise iilwimi zabo zeenkobe eyunivesithi, nkqu nokuba ulwimi lwabo alululo olunye lweelwimi zokufunda nokufundisa ezingokusesikweni kwelo ziko. Ukuba sicinga ngeSU, le Yunivesithi izibophelele ekusebenziseni isiNgesi, isiAfrikansi nesiXhosa – iilwimi ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni eNtshona Kapa. IsiAfrikansi nesiNgesi ziilwimi zokuqala zokufunda, ukufundisa novavanyo. IsiXhosa naso sinokusetyenziswa ekufundeni nasekufundiseni, apho kukho indlela kwaye abahlohli bakufumana kufanelekile ukusisebenzisa, kwaye kukho imfuneko ngokweendlela zokufunda nokufundisa. Le Yunivesithi izibophelele ekuphuhliseni isiXhosa njengolwimi lwezemfundo, nasekunonopheleni isiAfrikansi njengolwimi lokufundisa, ukufunda, uvavanyo nophando. ISU ikwayenye yeeyunivesithi zaseMzantsi Afrika ezimbalwa ezinenjongo yokuphuhlisa uLwimi lokuThetha ngeZandla lwaseMzantsi Afrika. Konke oku kuyinxalenye yogunyaziso lwesizwe lokuba amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo amkele ulwimi lwaseAfrika olunye ubuncinane, apho sigxilisa imithombo yethu yoncedo kolo lwimi, ngelixa ngaxeshanye sinonophela oko sele sikuphuhlisile. Oku kuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuba sizise ukuphila kuMgaqosiseko woMzantsi Afrika. Ngokuhlonipha iilwimi kwinqanaba lemfundo ephakamileyo, siphakamisa isimo sazo.

Abafundi nabasebenzi baseSU ngokwenene baliqela elahlukahlukene kakhulu kunabantu nje abathetha isiNgesi, isiAfrikansi nesiXhosa kuphela, kodwa ukusebenza ngezona lwimi zeenkobe zixhaphakileyo eNtshona Kapa yindawo esinokuqala kuyo. Kwaye ezinye iiyunivesithi zoMzantsi Afrika ziye zazibophelela ekuphuhliseni ulwimi lube lunye ubuncinane kwiilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisesikweni kwimimandla yazo. Ngale ndlela, abantu abathetha isiZulu bangathi, umzekelo, nabo baxhamle kwimithombo yoncedo engesiXhosa, nanjengoko ezo lwimi zinxulumene ngokusondeleneyo, kwaye oko kuyasebenza nakwezinye iilwimi ezinxulumene ngokusondeleneyo. Kodwa thina njengabantu abathetha iilwimi zeenkobe kufuneka sikhethe ukusebenzisa iilwimi zethu ngokwethu xa ithuba livela.

Ukuphakamisa isimo

Ukuba sifuna ukunonophela, ukwandisa nokuphakamisa isimo seelwimi zethu, kukho iindlela ezimbini ezivakala ngokuhlangeneyo zokwenza oko. Enye indlela kukubhala ngolo lwimi – ngokudalwa koncwadi – ukubonisa ukuba ulwimi lwakho lunako ukuvakalisa iingcinga ezicaphulekayo nemibono engobuchule nentsokothileyo, nokuba lunesakhono sokuguquguquka ngokwaneleyo sokwenza njalo. Indlela yesibini ingokudala isigama sokuchaza iinkalo ezintsha nezingobugcisa.

Kungenzeka ukuba phantse naluphi na ulwimi ngaphandle kwesiNgesi (nanjengoko kubonakala ngathi isigama senziwa ngesiNgesi ngokwendalo kakhulu njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokusungulwa ngokutsha nophuhliso olutsha) ludinga ukuba luphakamise isimo salo ngokuqhubekekayo ukuze lube nokumelana nemekobume yamaxesha angoku. Naluphi na olunye ulwimi, nokuba sisiFrentshi, sisiJamani, sisiTshayina, sisiAfrikansi okanye sisiXhosa, lunomngeni wokuzama ukumelana nesantya, kwaye nkqu nesiNgesi ngokwaso asisoloko sihamba phambili! Kananjalo, isiNgesi singaba naso isigama, kodwa intsingiselo zaloo magama azisoloko zicacile. Isigama sesiXhosa, sesiAfrikansi okanye nkqu nesesiFrentshi amaxesha amaninzi sihlala sichaza nangakumbi kwaye ke ngoko sicacile kubantu abathetha ezo lwimi. Cinga ngegama elithi “koppelaar” ngesiAfrikansi, okanye igama lesiZulu elithetha ukuthi “umthetho osayilwayo”, elithi “umthethosivivinywa”, ngokuthe ngqo lithetha ukuthi “umthetho osayilwayo”. Mininzi eminye imizekelo. Kodwa ingaba sikhetha ukuwamkela nokuwasebenzisa loo magama mahle kangaka, okanye sibhenela kwisiNgesi ngokuzenzekelayo?

Inzuzo enkulu yokuphakamisa isimo solwimi nokusebenzisa iilwimi ezahlukahlukeneyo kukuba senza ukuba iimekobume esiphila phakathi kwazo zibe zeziqukayo nangakumbi. Ukubona nokufumana iilwimi zabo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kuyabakhumbuza abantu ukuba bayinxalenye yento enkulu ngaphezu kokuba ziziqu zabo nje kuphela.

Ukungohluki kangako kweemeko

Nanjengoko sibhiyozela uSuku lweeLwimi zeeNkobe kulo nyaka, mhlawumbi kufuneka siqale ukucinga ngale mibuzo ilandelayo: Ingaba lukwenzela ntoni ulwimi lwakho lweenkobe, kwaye ingaba wena ulwenzela ntoni ulwimi lwakho lweenkobe? Xa usebenzisa ulwimi lwakho lweenkobe ekufundeni, kubomi bemihla ngemihla nakwimiba esemthethweni, awuphelelanga nje ekuzincedeni kuphela kodwa kananjalo uxhasa kwaye ulondoloza ilifa lemveli lolwimi lwakho. Ukusebenzisa kwakho olo lwimi kulugcina luphila kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba luyaqhubekeka ukulungiselela amaxesha ezayo.

Kwaye ke ngoko, xa sithatha elinye inyathelo ukuya phambili, elikukuqala ukufunda iilwimi zeenkobe zabanye, sixhasa kwaye sisomeleza ezo lwimi nangakumbi, ngelixa sifumana iindlela ezintsha zokuqondana nokuxabisana.

– ibhalwe nguSusan Lotz, nguKim Wallmach, uSanet de Jager noJackie van Wyk, uguqulo lolwimi lwenziwe nguSipumeze Mrwetyana

 

 

 

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uSuku lwe Afrika ka2023: IAfrika yethu, ikamva lethu

Inyanga kaCanzibe iqatshelwa njengenyanga yobu-Afrika.

Olona suku lobuAfrika lubhiyozelwa ngomhla wama25 kuCanzibe – kulo nyaka kuza kwenziwa isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-60 sokusekwa koMbutho woManyano lobuAfrika (Organisation of African Unity) (ngoku owaziwa njengoMbutho wobuAfrika) owasekwa ngomhla wama-25 kuCanzibe ngo-1963. Ngolu suku, iinkokheli zamazwe angama30 kumazwe angama-32 ase-Afrika azimeleyo atyikitya umqulu e-Addis Ababa, eYutopiya, zenza isifungo sokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kobuzwe ngendlela yomanyano nenkululeko kwingcinezelo.

Kule nyanga, iZiko leeLwimi likhethe ukugqamisa iindima ezibalulekileyo ezithe zadlalwa zitoliki kwilizwekazi i-Afrika ukukhawulelana neengxaki zokungavani ngokweelwimi, ukusuka kubasebenzi-ngeelwimi abaqeqeshiweyo neembongi zeentlanga ngeentlanga zoluntu lwaseAfrika ukuza kwiitoliki zale mihla ezichophela ukwakhiwa kobuzwe zize zibonelele ngofikelelo kwiinkonzo ngokutolika kwiipalamente zezizwe, iinkomfa, iinkundla zamatyala nezibhedlele. Kwaye, neetoliki zezemfundo ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba abahlohli abakwiiYunivesithi bavakale ngolwimi lwesiAfrikansi, lwesiNgesi, lwesiXhosa noLwimi lokuthetha ngeZandla loMzantsi Afrika.

Isenzo sokutolika intetho esuka kolunye ulwimi iye kolunye kwilizwekazi iAfrika, njengakuyo nayiphi na enye indawo, isusela kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo.

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Kuluntu oluninzi lwase-Afrika, abasebenzi-ngeelwimi abaqeqeshiweyo okanye iimbongi zazikuludwe olude lwezithethi ezinesipho sokuthetha iilwimi ezahlukahlukenyo nezazisenza imibongo kwimisitho yoluntu ebalulekileyo ukubhiyozela izenzo zoloyiso neempawu zobungangamsha kwinkosi nezinyanya zayo.”

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Ubugcisa bomlomo bee-groits (‘iimbongi zesintu’) zaseNtshona Afrika neembongi (‘praise singers’) zaseMazantsi Afrika busaqhubekeka nanamhlanje, nalapho iimbongi zisebenza njengabasasazi kwezopolitiko.

Ukuviwa kwamatyala kwiKomishoni yeNyaniso noXolelaniso (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) ukususela ngo-1996 ukuya ku-1998 kwaba lithuba lokuqala lokuba abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi baqhelane nemimangaliso yokutolikwa kwentetho ngaxesha-linye nokwenziwa kwayo ngeelwimi ezilishumi elinanye ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika. Iitoliki zazichophela uxolelaniso ngelixa lokuviwa kwamatyala kwiKomishoni yeNyaniso noXolelaniso. Ukususela ngoko, ziye zaqhubekeka ngokuncedisa ekwakhiweni koMzantsi Afrika njengesizwe kuwisomthetho lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, iintlanganiso zamabhunga oomasipala neenkomfa. Abanye abaqeshi abakhulu beetoliki eAfrika baquka uMbutho wobuAfrika (African Union), iPalamente yama-Afrika oMthonyama, i-UNON (iOfisi eseNairobi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo), i-SADC (uPhuhliso loLuntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika) neBhanka yoPhuhliso lweAfrika (African Development Bank).

Kwihlabathi lonke jikelele, iitoliki zolwimi lokuthetha ngezandla zaziwa ngobuchule bokufikelela ngemfundo kubafundi abanokhubazeko lokungeva, kodwa into engaziwa kangako kukuba iitoliki zeelwimi ezithethwa ngomlomo nazo zinakho ukwenza okufanayo ngokujoliswe kubafundi abevayo. IiYunivesithi eziliqela zoMzantsi Afrika zenza ukuba izifundo zaseyunivesithi zifikeleleke kubafundi abangaziva bekhululekile kulwimi ekufundiswa ngalo. ESU, iitoliki zethu zezemfundo zisebenza ngesiAfrikansi, isiNgesi, isiXhosa noLwimi lokuthetha ngeZandla loMzantsi Afrika.

Siyayibhiyozela indima edlalwe ziitoliki kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukunceda iAfrika nabantu bayo ukuba baqhagamshelane futhi baphumelele. SiliZiko leeLwimi sizithatha njengabanenyhweba njengoko siyinxalenye yelo bali.

Ukuba uyitoliki esebenza eAfrika, nceda wabelane ngebali lakho. Sithumele i-imeyili kule dilesi taalsentrum@sun.ac.za.

Umthombo: Wallmach, K. 2015. Africa. In Pöchhacker, F. (ed.) Encyclopaedia of Interpreting Studies. London: Routledge.

NgoGqr Kim Wallmach, uMlawuli weZiko leeLwimi; ulwimi luguqulwe nguSipumeze Mrwetyana noZama Bekeweni

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Zininzi gqitha iindidi zeenkululeko

“Andizange ndayazi kwa into yokuba loo nkululeko yobuqu ikhona, kuba zange ndayingcamla ngaphambili …”

ULiselotte Voets, ngumfundi waseBelgium ofunda kweli evela eKU Leuven (iYunivesithi yamaKatolika yaseLeuven) owatyelela iSU kunyaka ophelileyo njengenxalenye yokufundela kwakhe isidanga seemastazi kwifilosofi, wangena kwikhosi yesiAfrikaans yabafundi abathetha isiDatshi kwiZiko loLwimi ngoxa wayeseMzantsi Afrika.

Ngelokubhiyozela uSuku lweNkululeko nge27 Epreli, uye wabelana nathi ngeengcamango zakhe ngenkululeko, ngesiAfrikaans, kodwa ziguqulelwe esiXhoseni apha ngezantsi.

 

Utyelelo lwam lokuza kufunda kweli lizwe lweenyanga ezintlanu ezinesiqingatha lwaqala eStellenbosch ngoFebhruwari 2022. Yasuka yazenzekela into yokuba ndikhethe uMzantsi Afrika: iinkcubeko, abantu: ukuma kwayo, imbali, iintaba nemozulu zaba nomtsalane kum. Zonke ezi zinto zavela zandichukumisa kakhulu. Esinye isiphumo endandingasilindelanga ngolu tyelelo lwam, yindlela entsha endisele ndiyijonga ngayo ingcamango yenkululeko. Ukuba bekunokufuneka ndichaze ngokusuk’ entliziyweni amava am ngoMzantsi Afrika, bendiya kuqala ndithethe ngobume bomhlaba. Ngokolwam uluvo, ukuphangalala kweli lizwe kumela ngendlela efuzisela kakhulu oko kuthethwa yinkululeko eMzantsi Afrika. Ziseninzi kakhulu iindawo ezingenabantu ezinokugcwaliswa. Amathuba abonakala engapheli. Xa uyithelekisa neBelgium, endisuka kuyo, uya kufumanisa ukuba iBelgium ayisenandawo yokwakha. Kunzima kakhulu ukufumana umhlaba wokwakha, apho unokuma ujonge elundini phaya; indawo engenazindonga, engenazindlu, izitrato, iidolophu nezixeko.

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Iba ngathi ugadiwe – rhoqo yonke indawo – akunakuya ndawo khe ubukele indalo.”

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Njengokuba ndibuyele eBelgium, kunzima nangakumbi ukuhlala apha, kwaye ndiwukhumbula nyhani uMzantsi Afrika. Kambe ke, eBelgium (siziva) sikhuseleke yaye sinqabiseke ngakumbi. Kufuneka siyihlawulele ngenkululeko yethu yobuqu. Noko ke, andizange ndayazi kwa into yokuba loo nkululeko yobuqu ikhona, kuba zange ndayingcamla ngaphambili. Mhlawumbi ikwa yinto yethu bantu baseYurophu ukucinga ukuba le nkululeko siyaziyo kuphela kohlobo lwenkululeko size singavumeli ezinye iindlela zokuyichaza. Kodwa oku kukungqubana njekwemibono. Bendimele ndiyazi into yokuba ‘inkululeko’ ayinakupheleliselwa nje kwingcamango enye. Ndilubonile olu hlobo lwenkululeko yobuqu kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika endidibene nabo: ababotshelelwanga (ubomi babo abulawulwa bungabekelwa miqathango ngokunjalo), kodwa bayaziphilela, ngemiphefumlo yabo; bayabamkela abanye abantu baze baqale usuku ngalunye bonwabile yaye bekhaliphile. Inkululeko yobuqu emangalisayo eMzantsi Afrika kubonakala ngathi inexabiso elikhulu, yaye yinto ngokuqinisekileyo engamele ijongelwe phantsi: abanye abantu bashiywe bodwa – ukuba bazizamele. Kufuneka bazibonele. Ngokwaloo mbono, mna bendibona ngathi abanye abantu boMzantsi Afrika babona ubume bomhlaba waseMzantsi Afrika njengelize kunokuba ubazisele ikamva eliqaqambileyo. Ndicinga ukuba, yaye nyhani ndinethemba lokuba, oku kusenokutshintsha.

Le yiblogi kaLiselotte Voets, iguqulelwe nguNgqibelelo Mabeka noZama Bekeweni

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Ulwimi lwenkobe, ulwimi lwentliziyo

Usuku loLwimi lweNkobe: Usuku olunikezelwe kulwimi apho iingcinga zethu zokuqala ziye zathethwa ngomlomo-lilizwe esisenakho ukukholelwa kulo. Sahlukile kakhulu, kodwa le yinto esabelana ngayo sonke.

Ulwimi lwenkobe lomntu luthathwa njengolwimi aluve kuqala eseyimveku nomntwana oselula, olu idla ngokuba lulwimi lomntu ongumama obe noxanduva lwakho usemncinci kakhulu. Ikwalulwimi owathetha ngalo amagama akho okuqala, ulwimi oluthe ngeli xesha ulufunda, lamisela isicwangciso sazo zonke iilwimi onokuzifunda kamva apha ebomini.

Abanye abantu banokuba neelwimi ezimbini njengeelwimi zenkobe ngakumbi xa bephuma kwikhaya elithetha iilwimi ezininzi. USuku lweeLwimi lweNkobe ludala indawo yokuba sicinge ngeso siseko soluhlu lwethu lweelwimi – into ekwaphembelela indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nehlabathi elisingqongileyo. Imalunga nonxibelelwano olunzulu ngokweemvakalelo kunye nethuku lolwimi lwethu, ewe, kodwa ikwamalunga nokuba ulwimi lunokusibeka phi. Xa sidibana nabanye sisabelana ngolwazi siveza ubuchule nolwazi lwezinye iilwimi. Ulwimi lwethu lweenkobe luthungelana neelwimi esizisebenzisa kwezinye iindawo, umzekelo emsebenzini. Ubani usenokukhetha ukungayivumi le ndibaniselwano asuke azicinezele izimvo zakhe – nangona kunjalo, ukuqaphela ukutyeba kwamava ahlukeneyo, iindlela zokuveza izimvo neembono kwenza amaqela omeleleyo – amaqela anokuthi anxibelelane ngcono omnye komnye ngaphakathi nakwabo babakhonzayo.

Ekubhiyozeleni la mandla akhethekileyo kunye nengqiqo yokuba kunokwenzeka phakathi kwethu sonke ngabanye, abanye abasebenzi beZiko leeLwimi babelane ngento ethile ngonxulumano nolwimi lwabo lweenkobe:

Unxibelelwano kunye nobuntu-bomntu 

[us_cta title=”” color=”light” btn_label=””]”Ndithanda ukucinga ngesiXhosa njengobuntu bam. Ndikhule ndiluthanda ulwimi lwam ngaphandle kokukuqaphela oko. Oko kwathi kwaziveza kubhalo lwesincoko okanye kuhlalutyo lwencwadi ngeli xesha ndandikwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ndandikwanayo nencwadi endandibhala kuyo imibongo yesiXhosa. Ndikhumbula utitshala wam ebonisa ugxa wakhe ngencwadi endandiyihlalutyile ndisenza iBakala le-11. Ndingathi yiyo yonke le nto eyandikhuthazayo ukuba ndifune ukwazi nokufunda banzi ngolwimi lwam, njengoko ndaphela ndibhalisela isiXhosa njenge subject ephambili eYunivesithi. Ngelo xesha ke, ndandingazi nokuba mininzi imisebenzi umntu anokuyenza ngaphandle kokufundisa ulwimi, kodwa ndaqhubeka nokufunda isiXhosa ndiqhutywa kukusithanda.”
– Asiphe Sogiba, Itoliki [/us_cta]

Uchulumanco lokwabelana ngolwimi lwakho lwenkobe 

[us_cta title=”” btn_label=””]“Ndiyazingca ngesiAfrikaans. Ndikhule notata waseWest Coast owandifundisa amagama afana nelithi ‘snoek’,/ usnuku ‘bokkoms’ neebokomo [i-mullet enetyuwa,eyomileyo okanye elukhuni ekwabizwa ngokuba yiCape biltong], ‘galjoen’ negaljun. Namhlanje ndisasebenzisa intetho yakhe ayithandayo, ethi ‘Siesa Skipper!’, xa umntu enze into entle.
Ngoku ndingumhlohli onenyhweba yokufundisa abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe isiAfrikaans. Inzondelelo abalufunda ngayo ulwimi lwam lweenkobe iyandimangalisa rhoqo. Kwaye yonke into i-‘LEKKER’ [bayonwabela kakhulu]! Amagama kaNelson Mandela (acazululwe), Ukuba uthetha nendoda ngolwimi lwayo, oko kuya entliziyweni yakhe’, ayinyaniso. Ndiluthatha njengobizo ebomini bam ukuchukumisa iintliziyo zabantu ngokubazisa ngolwimi lwam lweenkobe.”
– uGqirha Vernita Beukes, Umhlohli noMnxibelelanisi 
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Ibonakalisa izithethi zayo 

[us_cta title=”” color=”light” btn_label=””]“Ulwimi lwam lwenkobe sisiNgesi, nolwimi lukatata sisiNgesi kananjalo. Loo nto indenza ndibe ngumohluko kwilizwe lam uMzantsi Afrika, apho bemalunga neepesenti ezintlanu kuphela abemi abanesiNgesi njengolwimi lokuqala.

Ulwimi beluyinto endiyithandayo kakhulu ukusukela ndisemncinci kakhulu. Ndiqale uhambo lwam lolwimi ngokunika ingqalelo ngakumbi kupelo lwesiNgesi oluthandeleneyo kunye nokubiza amagama, kwaye bendikuthanda ukuzama ukusongela intloko yam kubunzima baso. Noko ke, kungekudala ndaqalisa ukufunda isiFrentshi, isiAfrikaans kunye nentwana yesiZulu, isiNgesi sibe sisikhokelo sam ekuboniseni indlela iilwimi ezahluke ngayo olunye kolunye.

Ngokuthe ngcembe ndabuqonda ubutyebi obuziswa kukufunda iilwimi ezininzi; ukuba ubuNgesi obugwegwelezayo ngentetho, nobuchubekileyo bunemvelaphi yesiFrentshi esithethwa kwinkundla yasebukhosini eNgilani kude kube yinkulungwane okanye ngaphezulu edlulileyo, kwaye kwashiya umkhondo wayo ngamagama anjengo ‘courtesy’ (imbeko), ‘liberty’( inkululeko), ‘fraternity’ (ubuzalwana), ‘equality’ (ukulingana), ne ‘university’ (iyunivesithi) kunye buthuntu bamagama eCeltic anjenge ‘quaff’, namanye amagama amaninzi anxulumene nempucuko, imfundo nomthetho. Ndafunda ukuba ubuthuntu bamagama eCeltic anjenge ‘quaff’ (ikwafu) ,‘drink’ no ‘sit’ (sela nohlala) ayinxalenye yeengcambu zesiNgesi zesiJamani kwaye zabethelelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiilwimi zesiJamani ezifana nesiAfrikaans nesiJamani. Kwaye, okothusayo, amagama anemvelaphi yesiZulu afana ne ‘indaba’ (inkomfa, ngeendaba) no‘donga’ (umjelo owomileyo owenziwe kukukhukuliseka ngamanzi abalekayo), ‘babbelas’ ibhabhalazi ngokwesizulu, ‘bonsella’ (ibhasela) ayeyinxalenye yolwazi lwam lwesiNgesi, ethethwa kwincam yelizwekazi laseAfrika. IsiNgesi sam, nendisifunde kwidolophu yakowethu iRhawuti, sikwabonakalisa iinkcubeko ezininzi zabaphambukeli ezitsaleleke kule dolophu inemigodi, apho uqweqwediso lungamandla. Ngoko ke kum amagama e-Yiddish asetyenziswa kwisiNgesi saseMzantsi Afrika anjengo ‘chutzpah’ (ichutzpa), ‘schmuck’ (i-schmakhi), ‘kugel’ (imbumbulu), ‘bagel’ (ibhegi), ‘shabbat’ (isabatha), ‘platz’ (indawo) no ‘meshugge’ (nemeshuge) ongeza ubutyebi kwisigama sam yaye afana nobutyebi obulindele ukufunyanwa.”
–  uGqirha Kim Wallmach, Umlawuli weZiko leeLwimi  [/us_cta]

Uvakalelo lokubuyela ekhaya 

[us_cta title=”” btn_label=””]“IsiAfrikaans yinto endayifunda kumama. Wayenelizwi elingathi yintsimbi, kwaye wayethetha isiAfrikaans ngokungazigwagwisi kunye nokunyaniseka kwaseSutherland eKaroo apho wakhulela khona – isiAfrikaans sikaNP van Wyk Louw. Ebudeni beholide yosapho yakutshanje eSwakopmund ndiye ndachukunyiswa yindlela ekwahluke ngayo apho nendlela endaziva ndisekhaya ngayo, ngaxeshanye. Umntu uva isiAfrikaans kuyo yonke indawo: esitratweni, kwincoko yabafazi ababini abangamaHerero abagaxele izinxibo zesintu; ukusuka kwi-Ovambo barista kwivenkile yekofu: ‘Is mevrou al gehelp … wat gaan dit vandag wees?’ [‘Ingaba sele uncediwe nkosikazi… iyakuba yintoni namhlanje?’]. Ibhinqa eliodola ikofu yalo lime ecaleni kwam lavela laqala incoko. Kamva uye wahlala ecaleni kwam waze wandibonisa iifoto zeSpitzkoppe. Uthi ukhulele eNamibia, kodwa wayehlala eRiphabhlikhi ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe obudala. Amazwi akhe aphinda amava am: ‘Ingathi ndifikile ekhaya … ndingaphefumla apha.’ Kwimeko yam, le mvakalelo yayinento yokwenza kakhulu nomba wokuba ndiluva ulwimi lwam kuyo yonke indawo; ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokungazicingeli: iAfrikaans entle.

Ngelixa lokhenketho lokuhamba ngebhayisikile kumlambo iTsauchab, ndaphawula kwinkokheli yotyelelo yaseDamara kunye nosapho lwam indlela emihle ngayo imithi yomtamariske kunxweme lomlambo: ngesiAfrikaans intsele yomlambo yi‘rivierloop’, (ukubaleka komlambo) kwaye igama elithi ‘loop’ likwathetha ‘ukuhamba’ okanye ‘ukuqukuqela okanye ukubaleka’, kwimeko yolwelo]. Omnye wabantwana bam waphendula wathi: [Akukho manzi apha – iAfrikaans entle theni usithi umlambo uyaqukuqela nje?’] Inkokheli yokhenketho yamisa wonke umntu waza wehla kwibhayisekile yakhe. Wathetha nabantwana: ‘Umama wenu uthetha kakuhle isiAfrikaans- iAfrikaans entle.Yinto leyo nina bantwana eningaze niphulukane nayo.’ Xa ndandimbuza ngemvelaphi yakhe yolwimi, waphendula ukuba usapho lwakhe lwaluthetha isiDamara nesiNgesi kunye nesiJamani kancinci. [‘Kodwa sithetha isiBhulu xa sifuna ukuthetha isiBhulu; xa sifuna ukuthetha kakuhle.’]

Kum, laa ndoda yomDamara yenye yeembalasane zeholide yethu. Ubukho bakhe, kwakukho imvakalelo yokukhululeka ngokubanzi, imvakalelo yobuhlobo nokuqhelana nokuqondana; kwanemvakalelo yolonwabo.
Ndathi ndakumbukela ekhwela ibhayisekile ngamandla phambi kwam kwindlela enothuli, ndakwazi oku ubuhle bolwimi lwam luyachuma, kanye njengeetamariske ezi ethe-ethe ezomeleleyo kwintsele yomlambo owomileyo waseTsaukabhi.”
– uGqirha Carmen Brewis, Itoliki ephezulu 
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Ulwimi olungaphakathi 

 

Sikwanawo nombongo esinokwabelwana ngawo, kwaye sikhethe ukungawuguquleli lo mbongo koko sabelane ngawo kwimo yawo yokuqala ngolwimi lwesiAfrikaans. Lo mbongo ungolwimi njengelifa lomntu, kunye nendlela abacebisi bolwimi lomntu (abazali, ootitshala) kananjalo ube nempembelelo enkulu kwinto umntu ayijonga njengeyakhe.

My taal, my erfenis

 Afrikaaps is nie my taal nie.
Sommige woorde kan ek nie verstaan nie.
My taal
het ek geleer van kindsbeen af
saam met die klingel en tongklap
van die aksent
wat my streek rojaal kweek.

Daar het ek begin verstaan
en geleer my ma en pa se taal.
Met my Afrikaanse onnie
wat berispend die spelreëls aanhaal,
nie tjent nie, maar kind,
nie tjy nie, maar jy.
Idiome sou ek goed onthou:
Iemand wat hard werk
is ʼn werkesel,
anders was dit die rottang vir jou.

My taal kom uit die boeke wat ek lees.
Tussen die blaaie
kon ek kies om iemand anders te wees.
Daar in die stilte van my drome
sonder die kletterende lawaai
in ʼn omgewing sonder energie belaai,
kry my taal sy lêplek
daar sonder die tjy en tjou,
daar lewe ek.

My kom-vandaan is eenvoudig,
tog is alles volop rondom en binne my.
Daar teen die Weskus het ek my asem gekry.
Daar is taal in my erfenis gebrei.
Nou kruip en klou
die wortels van my taal
diep en welig
sonder ophef of kabaal
lewe dit uit my pen
koester dit die erfenis wat ek ken.

– Anne-Mari Lackay, Umququzeleli: Kwiingcebiso kwiLebhu yokuBhala 

KwiZiko leeLwimi laseSU, sikholelwa ukuba lulwimi olusidibanisayo, kwaye siya kuhlala sidibanisa abantu ngokuphucula unxibelelwano nokuqonda.

Ibhlogi ebhalwe Susan Lotz noGqirha Kim Wallmach; uguqulo lolwimi lwenziwe nguSandisiwe Majika noGqirha Lwandlekazi Notshe noAsiphe Sogiba

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Indibaniso entle yamava kweyona yunivesithi indala kunazo zonke kwihlabathi

USanet de Jager, oyitoliki yeZiko lezeeLwimi, uye wathabatha inxaxheba kwiprowujekthi yeYunivesithi engokhenketho, ekunjongo yayo ikukuba abafundi nabasebenzi base-SU bathabathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ezingotshintshelwano kwinqanaba lehlabathi liphela. USanet uchithe iinyanga ezintathu kwiYunivesithi yaseBologna e-Italy, kwaye siye ke sadlana iindlebe kunye naye saze samcela ukuba asixelele kabanzi ngohambo lwakhe.

Kwenzeke njani konke oku?
“Ndiqale ukuva ngolu tshintshelwano ngomlawuli wethu, uGqr Kim Wallmach, ngelixa lentlanganiso engophando-nzulu olujoliswe kwimicimbi yezeeNkonzo zoToliko. Ndiye ndafaka isicelo sotshintshelwano lwe-Erasmus+ kwi-Ofisi yeHlabathi Jikelele kwaze kwathi emva kwesithuba senyanga, ngekaCanzibe (Meyi) 2019, ndazifumana ndingqongwe yimbali, ubutyebi bezophando-nzulu kunye neekofu zohlobo lwe-espresso ezixabisa iyuro enye nge-espresso nganye. Indima yam kolu tshintshelwano ibikabini: Ndiye nje ngetoliki yeZiko lezeeLwimi (LC) ukuze ndakhe ubuhlobo obuluqilima nokuze nditshintshelane ngolwazi olumalunga nomsebenzi, ndabe ndikwaye nje ngomfundi ukuze ndenze uphando-nzulu lwam lwee-Mastasi kumsebenzi woGuqulo lweeLwimi, nolugxile ngokukodwa kumahluko phakathi kwethoni yentetho etolikwayo nentetho eqhelekileyo.”

Ubuzinze phi?
“ISebe lezoToliko noGuqulo lweeLwimi (DIT) lakwiYunivesithi yaseBologna lifumaneka kwidolophu iRomanesque yaseForlì malunga nohambo ngololiwe lweyure ukusuka eBologna. Yeyona ndawo ke bendiyibiza ngekhaya leyo. Ekuncokoleni kwam nomququzeleli wam uProfesa Mariachiara Russo, kuye kwandicacela ukuba ‘iipolitiki zezeelwimi’ akuyonto iphila eMzantsi Afrika kuphela. Le yunivesithi ifumana abafundi abaliqela abangotshintshelwano kwaye ngenxa yoko ezinye izifundo kule yunivesithi zihlohlwa ngolwimi lwesiNgesi – nto leyo inokuthi ixhomise amehlo kwilizwe elikhuthaza imfundo engeelwimi zenkobe kubemi balo.”

Ubusenza ntoni pha?
“Mna noGqr Wallmach sibe nenyhweba yokwabelana kunye nabo malunga nendlela iYunivesihi yaseStellenbosch (SU) ekhawulelana ngayo nomba wosetyenziso lweelwimi ngeelwimi nokuba i-LC ibonelela kanjani na ngezisombululo ezineenkalo ngeenkalo kwimingeni yezeelwimi, nalapho esinye sezo zisombululo ikukutolika ngokufundisayo. Ndiye ndathetha ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yetoliki efundisayo, ndabelana ngeendlela esivavanya ngazo umsebenzi, uqeqesho lwethu, iishedyuli kwakunye nophando-nzulu lwethu lwakaloku nje malunga nomsebenzi wetoliki. Abe-DIT babonakele benomdla ngokukodwa kwiiNkonzo zethu zoToliko, kangangokuba uProfesa Russo uye wandwendwela i-SU ekupheleni kweyeKhala (Julayi) ukuze azibonele ngokwakhe olu toliko lungokufundisayo nokuze aphande ubungakanani bokukwazeka kokusungulwa kweprowujekthi eyinzame engotoliko kwiYunivedsithi yaseBologna ngaphakathi kwi-DIT.”

A mosaic of experiences at the oldest university in the world
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